Kinetic Modeling of Catalytic Cracking of Gas Oil Feedstocks: Reaction and Diffusion Phenomena
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Catalytic cracking experiments of vacuum gas oil on fluid catalytic cracking (FCC)-type catalysts are carried out in a fluidized bench-scale batch Chemical Reactor Engineering Centre (CREC) riser simulator reactor. These experiments are conducted under operating conditions similar to those of the industrial FCC process in terms of temperature, catalyst-to-oil ratio, partial pressure of reactant and products, and reaction times. The crystallite size of the supported zeolite is varied between 0.4 and 0.9 microns with both activity and selectivity being monitored. A five-lump kinetic model describing the catalytic cracking of vacuum gas oil is considered, which accounts for diffusional constraints experienced by hydrocarbon species while evolving in the zeolite pore network. This study provides insights into the effect of intracrystalline diffusion in the catalytic cracking of heavy feedstocks. Results show that the catalyst with the smaller crystallite size provides higher activity and selectivity for desirable intermediate products (gasoline) and lower selectivity for terminal products (coke).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".