Internationalization of small businesses of border region: A study of the determinants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cross border entrepreneurship has been accepted as a strategy to boost economic development of the areas that are typically peripheral to national territories. In the same line, the small businesses of three bordering states of northeastern region of India (NER) have been trying to internationalize their activities by utilizing long international border with Bangladesh. The present paper attempts to identify the factors that play a critical role during the internationalization process of small businesses of NER with Bangladesh, and possible measures that can be considered to reduce the impact of the identified barriers. In order to understand the background of cross border interactions, this paper, first, factually ascertains characteristics of the trade flow across the borders of the three states of NER with Bangladesh and vice‐versa. More specifically, the following were examined through the analyses of: a) quantum of cross border trade flow across 15 designated land port customs stations b) quality of trade flow in terms of commodity traded and variety of trade basket. The paper also analyses the stage wise business relationship development process of small businesses of bordering states of NER with their Bangladeshi counterpart and provides insights to the different entrepreneur centric factors and regulation centric factors that effect relationship formation. This paper argues that for achieving the economic benefits, arising out of unique geographical position of NER, a clear understanding of the cross border business relationship developmental process and the associated factors are important for the policy makers of both the countries to assess the situation in a better way and make or adjust policy prescriptions accordingly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".