Marangoni Convection inWater-Isopropanol Mixtures in the Presence of Soret Effect
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the present study, the onset of Marangoni convection in a liquid layer overlaying a porous layer where the whole system is being laterally heated is investigated. The non-linear two-dimensional Navier Stokes equations, the energy equation, the mass balance equation and the continuity equation are solved for the liquid layer. The Brinkman model is used for the porous layer. The partial differential equations are solved numerically by using the finite element technique. Two different cases are analyzed in this paper. In the first case, the Marangoni convection in the absence of the Soret effect is studied. Results revealed when the liquid layer and the porous layer have identical thickness, the convective flow remains in the liquid layer and this is independent of changing the aspect ratios (length-to-height). However, the flow covers the entire cavity when the liquid layer thickness is very small (less than 1/10 of the porous layer). In the case of Marangoni convection in the presence of Soret effect, it has been found that the convective flow remains in the liquid layer even when the liquid layer thickness is very small.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".