Sexual Activity and Function in Postmenopausal Women With Heart Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and correlates of sexual activity and function in postmenopausal women with heart disease. METHODS: We included baseline self-reported measures of sexual activity and the sexual problem scale from the Medical Outcomes Study in the Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS), a study of 2,763 postmenopausal women, average age 67 years, with coronary disease and intact uteri. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression to identify independent correlates of sexual activity and dysfunction. RESULTS: Approximately 39% of the women in HERS were sexually active, and 65% of these reported at least 1 of 5 sexual problems (lack of interest, inability to relax, difficulty in arousal or in orgasm, and discomfort with sex). In multivariable analysis, factors independently associated with being sexually active included younger age, fewer years since menopause, being married, better self-reported health, higher parity, moderate alcohol use, not smoking, lack of chest discomfort, and not being depressed. Among the 1,091 women who were sexually active, lower sexual problem scores were associated with being unmarried, being better educated, having better self-reported health, and having higher body mass index. CONCLUSION: Many women with heart disease continue to engage in sexual activity into their 70s, and two thirds of these report discomfort and other sexual function problems. Physicians should be aware that postmenopausal patients are sexually active and address the problems these women experience. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-2.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".