Ionoregulatory Changes in the Gill Epithelia of Coho Salmon during Seawater Acclimation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Short‐term exposure of coho salmon smolts (Oncorhynchus kisutch) to a gradual increase in salinity over 2 d (0‰–32‰) resulted in a decrease in proton pump abundance, detected as changes in immunoreactivity with a polyclonal antibody against subunit A of bovine brain vacuolar H+‐ATPase. N‐ethylmaleimide (NEM)–sensitive H+‐ATPase activities in gill homogenates remained unchanged over 8 d to coincide with a 3.5‐fold increase in Na+/K+‐ATPase activities. A transient increase in plasma [Na+] and [Cl−] levels over the 8‐d period was preceded by a 10‐fold increase in plasma cortisol levels, which peaked after 12 h. Long‐term (1 mo) acclimation to seawater resulted in the loss of apical immunoreactivity for vH+‐ATPase and band 3–like anion exchanger in the mitochondria‐rich cells identified by high levels of Na+/K+‐ATPase immunoreactivity. The polyclonal antibody Ab597 recognized a Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE‐2)–like protein in what appears to be an accessory cell (AC) type. Populations of these ACs were found associated with Na+/K+‐ATPase rich chloride cells in both freshwater‐ and seawater‐acclimated animals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".