Regulation of stretch reflex threshold in elbow flexors in children with cerebral palsy: a new measure of spasticity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The tonic stretch reflex threshold in children with cerebral palsy (CP) was measured to determine its test-retest reliability and its concurrent validity as a potential measure of spasticity. Fourteen children with spastic CP aged 6 to 18 years were tested on three separate occasions for clinical spasticity and stretch reflex thresholds of affected elbow flexors. Electromyographic (EMG) recordings were obtained by surface electrodes for elbow flexors and extensors during mechanical displacements of the passive joint towards extension. Displacements were produced by a torque motor at seven velocities which randomly varied from trial to trial. EMG activity was measured in the stretched flexor muscles to determine threshold angles and velocities for each velocity of stretch. These were plotted on a velocity-angle-phase diagram and regression analysis was used to determine the static stretch reflex threshold for each participant. The measure showed good test-retest reliability for the group (ICC 0.73, p<0.001) whereas a significant correlation between the measure and the clinical spasticity scale was not found. This technique is a potential outcome variable for measuring the efficacy of treatments aimed at decreasing spasticity in children with CP.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".