Vibrational and configurational parts of the specific heat at glass formation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The specific heat ${C}_{p}$ of a liquid is partly vibrational, arising from change in phonons and anharmonic forces with temperature $T$, and partly configurational, arising from change in the structure with $T$. The first determines a liquid's elastic resistance to stress or rigidity and the second its fluid behavior. Both are thought to decrease on liquid's vitrification, and their ad hoc estimates are currently used for understanding a supercooled liquid's dynamics. We report measurements of the vibrational part, ${C}_{p,\mathrm{vib}}$, and determine the configurational part. It is found that there is almost no decrease in ${C}_{p,\mathrm{vib}}$ on structural freezing of the polymer melts, and the decrease in ${C}_{p}$ is configurational. An interpretation of the finding is that the curvature of the fixed configurational energy minimum in which a polymer glass structure is trapped and the associated anharmonicity have quantitatively the same effect on ${C}_{p}$ as the corresponding two sources when its melt explores a multiplicity of high energy minima and its volume changes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".