Confirmed Swine-Origin Influenza A(H1N1) Viral Pneumonia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIM: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the computed tomographic (CT) appearance of cases of swine-origin influenza A(H1N1) viral infection (S-OIV) in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients confirmed with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and to determine whether the timing of CT relative to the onset of symptoms affected the overall imaging appearance [corrected]. METHODS: A total of 23 patients (15 men and 8 women) from 2 tertiary care centers formed the final study population. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on their immune status: group 1 (n = 14) were patients who were immunocompromised, whereas group 2 (n = 9) were patients who were immunocompetent. The radiologic appearances of pulmonary abnormalities, distribution, and extent of involvement on the initial chest CT scan were documented, and correlation with the onset of symptoms was performed. RESULTS: The most common CT pattern in both groups of S-OIV patients was ground-glass opacities and consolidation (group 1, 86%; group 2, 71%) in a bilateral, subpleural, and peribronchovascular pattern. Small airways disease [corrected] was seen only in a minority of patients (group 1, 7%; group 2, 11%. Onset of symptoms to time of CT showed a mean duration of 9.7 days in group 1 and 6.7 days in group 2 and did not affect the overall imaging appearance. CONCLUSIONS: The most common abnormalities on CT scans of both immunocompetent and immunocompromised S-OIV patients were ground-glass opacities and consolidation in a bilateral, subpleural, and peribronchovascular distribution, resembling organizing pneumonia. This appearance was seen regardless of the timing of CT relative to the onset of symptoms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".