Application of atmospheric absorption models for aircraft enroute noise.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Propagation of aircraft enroute noise for flights above 18 000 ft above ground level (AGL) (5.49 km AGL) is important for estimating noise impact in U.S. National Parks and other quiet areas. One key to the accurate estimation of noise impact is atmospheric absorption. In our atmosphere, it turns out that the absorption coefficient is dependent on altitude as well as frequency. The altitude dependent parameters include mean pressure, temperature, and relative humidity as well as the concentration of molecular species. This altitude effect can be important for certain frequency bands, and this point will be emphasized in this paper. In addition, an improved atmospheric absorption model for high altitudes of Sutherland and Bass [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 115, 1012–1032 (2004)] shows slightly different values of atmospheric absorption in important frequency bands for aviation noise at altitude compared to the typical ANSI Standard S1.26-1995 (R 2009). For certain situations, the updated atmospheric absorption coefficient could produce different enroute noise predictions on the ground. [Work supported by FAA/NASA/Transport-Canada PARTNER Center of Excellence.]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".