From Thebes to Toronto and the 21st Century: An Incredible Journey
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Editor’s note: This article is a transcript of the address of the American Diabetes Association President, Health Care and Education, given in June 2001 at the Association’s 61st Annual Meeting and Scientific Sessions in Philadelphia, Pa. The story of diabetes mellitus—its discovery, description, and treatment—is a remarkable chronicle covering 3,500 years of medical history. My President’s Address, “From Thebes to Toronto and the 21st Century” will take you on an incredible journey through time, highlighting major milestones in the history of diabetes. Regrettably, health care providers receive very little instruction in the history of medicine. Most medical and nursing students today have a rather limited, contemporary knowledge of diabetes. The history of advances in diabetes prior to the discovery of insulin at the University of Toronto, in 1921, has been obscured by the passage of time. Historical concepts of the causes and nature of diabetes have either been forgotten or never learned. It is my belief that knowledge of history affords a better understanding of contemporary issues and clearer vision as we look to the future. It is my pleasure to share this thrilling story with you, and to reveal the origin of some of the discoveries that have brought us to our current understanding of diabetes at the dawn of the 21st century. Looking at this ailment over the ages makes one fact clear: the incidence of diabetes has increased dramatically, from an uncommon ailment during the period of antiquity to a worldwide epidemic expected to affect 300 million people by the year 2025. The story of diabetes unfolds during the Age of Antiquity, where we begin to see the earliest descriptions of the symptoms of diabetes. Ancient physicians recorded their observations in an attempt to better understand the nature of the ailment, its origin, and treatment. It …
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it