New Types of Very Compact 90? ACPS Branchline Couplers using CPW Shunt Stubs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A very compact 90° ACPS branchline coupler for Ka/K-band, advanced SATCOM terminal systems is reported. The proposed method takes advantage of the integration of coplanar waveguide (CPW) shunt stubs and asymmetric coplanar stripline (ACPS) lines. The coupler does not use lumped inductors or capacitors and, consequently, has the advantages of excellent design accuracy even at high frequencies. In comparison to conventional hybrid couplers, this coupler offers lower insertion loss, higher compactness (a significant 55% reduction in circuit area) and does not require a CPW quarter wavelength transformer in order to overcome the input and output port characteristic impedances. Additional degrees of design freedom can be obtained by the inclusion of shunt CPW stubs and these are the reason for the major reduction in size. The reduced size couplers are potential building blocks for the growing wireless communications market.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".