Model for the field effect from layers of biological macromolecules on the gates of metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The potential diagram for field-effect transistors used to detect charged biological macromolecules in an electrolyte is presented for the case where an insulating cover layer is used over a conventional eletrolyte-insulator metal-oxide-semiconductor (EIMOS) structure to tether or bind the biological molecules to a floating gate. The layer of macromolecules is modeled using the Poisson-Boltzmann equation for an ion-permeable membrane. Expressions are derived for the charges and potentials in the EIMOS and electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor structures, including the membrane and electrolyte. Exact solutions for the potentials and charges are calculated using numerical algorithms. Simple expressions for the response are presented for low solution potentials when the Donnan potential is approached in the bulk of the membrane. The implications of the model for the small-signal equivalent circuit and the noise analysis of these structures are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".