Reducing ATRP Catalyst Concentration in Batch, Semibatch and Continuous Reactors
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract An overview of solution ATRPs carried out in batch, semibatch and continuous tubular and stirred‐tank reactor systems is presented. Initial work using a heterogeneous catalyst system with copper to polymer chain ratios of close to unity demonstrated the versatility of ATRP in producing homopolymer and copolymer at reasonable rates with good MW control and narrow polydispersity. The significant drawbacks of low catalyst solubility and high copper levels are now being addressed through use of the ARGET ATRP chemistry. Nearly colorless acrylate and methacrylate polymers have been produced with copper catalyst levels below 50 ppm (relative to monomer), with excellent control of MW obtained both in batch and continuous systems. magnified image
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it