Overview of FERC Order No. 755 and proposed MISO implementation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Frequency regulation is an important feature of electric power systems. In several electricity markets, it is traded as an ancillary service and is procured by the independent system operator (ISO). Typically service providers are conventional generators with automatic governor control. In the recent past, energy storage devices such as flywheels have started offering frequency regulation service. With these devices capable of providing a better regulation in comparison with conventional generators, there has been a move to alter FERC regulations to remunerate ancillary service providers of frequency regulation based on their quality and quantity of service. This paper reviews various forms of energy storage systems that hold a promise for a role in electricity markets. Thereafter, the paper reports and discusses the new Order 755 promulgated by FERC to remunerate frequency regulation service providers. Finally the paper reports the proposed MISO implementation of FERC Order 755 and a few examples to illustrate it.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.011 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.021 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".