Solids Deposition from Multicomponent Wax−Solvent Mixtures in a Benchscale Flow-Loop Apparatus with Heat Transfer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The deposition of solids from mixtures of a paraffinic wax (C 20 −C 40 ) dissolved in a multicomponent solvent (C 9 −C 16 ) was studied under laminar flow conditions. A novel benchscale flow loop was developed, which consisted of a jacketed heat-exchange section for solids deposition on the inner surface of an aluminum tube. Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of the wax−solvent mixture composition, hot and cold stream temperatures, flow or shear rate, deposition residence time, and hydrodynamic entry length on the deposition process. The data were analyzed with a pseudo-steady-state heat-transfer model, which validated the solids deposition process to be controlled primarily by heat transfer. The mass of deposited solids was related to the ratio of temperature difference across the deposit layer and the overall temperature difference. Gas chromatography (GC) analyses of the deposited layer showed significant shifts in the carbon number distribution. The C 20+ content of the deposit layer was observed to be higher, by ∼70%−200%, than that of the corresponding wax−solvent mixture.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".