Modeling underwater impact pile driving noise in shallow, inhomogeneous channels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The broadband synthesis of a parabolic equation (PE) propagation model for shallow water acoustic propagation in inhomogeneous channels is presented to account for the noise produced by impact pile driving. The PE model utilizes sediment information obtained from boring measurements and detailed bathymetry to model range dependent propagation in the Columbia River between Portland, OR and Vancouver, WA. The impact pile driving source is modeled in two ways: first, as a reverberating impulse source that emits Mach-wave radiation [Reinhall, Dahl, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130, 1209 (2011)]; and second, with a structural acoustic finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) model [Shahab, Woolfe, and Hastings, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130, 2558 (2011)]. Model results using both source models are shown to be in good agreement with acoustic measurements of test pile operations in the Columbia River at multiple locations from 10 to 800 meters from the pile driving source. Implications for noise levels in river systems with varying bottom sediment characteristics are presented and discussed. [This research is supported with funding from the Oregon Department of Transportation.]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".