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Record W2015519400 · doi:10.1080/1755182x.2013.868533

What to see and how to see it: tourists, residents, and the beginnings of the walking tour in nineteenth-century Quebec City

2014· article· en· W2015519400 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Tourism History · 2014
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldArts and Humanities
TopicHistorical Art and Culture Studies
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Guelph
Fundersnot available
KeywordsTourismBourgeoisiePower (physics)ConsciousnessSociologyHistoryEconomyAdvertisingPolitical scienceBusinessPoliticsLawEconomicsArchaeologyPsychology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

During the course of the nineteenth century, tourism promoters developed prescribed guidebook itineraries and walking tours to help tourists better enjoy their leisure travel. These suggested walking tours offer historians a glimpse into the historical consciousness of visitors and, to an extent, of the local bourgeoisie. In Quebec City, the guidebook walking tour emerged in the middle of the nineteenth century as the local business of tourism became more sophisticated. Yet, while walking tours originated with local promoters seeking to highlight what they believed to be the interesting features of their city, they were quickly adapted to suit the preferences of international, particularly British and American, travelers. Acknowledging that as a cultural exchange, tourism is a site of mediated power relations, this article suggests that as a market exchange, tourism presents an imbalance of power. As tourism promoters and businesses sought to entice international travelers by anticipating their tastes for the exotic, local entrepreneurs adapted their own sense of place to conform with those tastes. Over time, the accumulated decisions of tourist promoters produced a consensus about the historic character of Quebec City that has survived since the end of the nineteenth century.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.162
Threshold uncertainty score0.880

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.014
GPT teacher head0.200
Teacher spread0.186 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it