Solid-State NMR Study of Two Classic Proton Conducting Polymers: Nafion and Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone)s
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Proton mobilities in Nafion and sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (S-PEEK) have been studied using high-resolution solid-state 1 H NMR under fast magic angle spinning (MAS). These studies demonstrated proton exchange between sulfonic acid groups and water within both Nafion and S-PEEK. Variable temperature experiments were used to determine the activation energy for proton transport in pure Nafion, found to be 11.0 kJ/mol, which is lower than those determined for S-PEEKs with different degrees of sulfonation. Increasing proton exchange rates with increasing temperature indicate the expected dependence of proton mobility on temperature. A rotor-synchronized homonuclear double quantum filter sequence (BaBa) was used to disclose the nature of the H-bonding interactions in the two polymers, from which a model of the proton interactions in the polymers is developed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".