Physiologic specialization of<i>Puccinia graminis</i>on wheat, barley, and oat in Canada in 2001
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stem rust is an important disease of cereal crops that is primarily controlled in Canada through cultivar resistance. Annual stem rust surveys are conducted to provide early detection of novel races with virulence to currently grown cultivars and to identify changes in virulence frequency in the pathogen population. Stem rust samples were collected in Manitoba, eastern Saskatchewan, Ontario, and British Columbia in 2001. Stem rust was not found on cultivated wheat, but was found on commercial barley and oat fields in eastern Manitoba (trace to 20% severity) and in western Manitoba and eastern Saskatchewan (<5% severity). Some late-planted oat fields in the Red River Valley region of Manitoba had moderate to heavy (5%–40% severity) stem rust infection. Eight races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici were found on wheat, seven on cultivated barley, and nine on wild barley. The predominant races on wheat and wild barley were RCRSK, QFCSR, and QCCJN. The predominant races on cultivated barley were QCCJN and RCCJN, which could threaten barley production. Eight races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. avenae were found on cultivated oat and five on wild oat. NA67 and NA29 were the predominant races on cultivated (57.6% and 15.8%) and wild (41.6% and 29.6%) oat, while NA76 increased to 14.4% on cultivated oat in 2001. NA67 and NA76 are virulent on all currently grown Canadian oat cultivars. A new race (NA77) avirulent to most oat cultivars was detected in Manitoba in 2001.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".