Factors associated with generalized anxiety in workers undergoing work rehabilitation for persistent musculoskeletal pain
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To document in workers having a work disability due to a musculoskeletal disorder (MSD), the presence and variation over time of their intolerance of uncertainty and its maintenance factors as defined in Dugas et al.'s generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) model, i.e. worries, negative problem orientation, beliefs about the usefulness of worrying, cognitive avoidance and their consequences on depressive symptoms. METHODS: An observational, prospective repeated-measures design was retained. Thirty-nine workers with an MSD having caused a work absence of over three months and who were beginning a work rehabilitation program were recruited and evaluated at four moments (beginning of rehabilitation program, first hours of work exposure, 50% of regular working hours and end of rehabilitation program). Validated self-report questionnaires measuring intolerance of uncertainty and its maintenance factors were administered. Finally, the Worry and Anxiety Questionnaire measured the presence and intensity of GAD symptoms as defined in the DSM-IV-TR. RESULTS: Fifty percent of the workers initially exhibited GAD symptoms. Concerning the variation over time, improvements were noted in all GAD-related factors during the program, particularly with the first hours of work exposure. At the end of rehabilitation, only 21% of the participants still met GAD diagnostic criteria. CONCLUSION: Workers with an MSD causing a work disability averaging one year in length and enrolled in a work rehabilitation program exhibited a high level of anxiety at the beginning of the work rehabilitation program. Workers perceived a usefulness in worrying and presented some intolerance of uncertainty and some cognitive avoidance strategies. According to Dugas et al.'s GAD model, the intensity of the symptoms associated with GAD development and maintenance factors was, however, not typical of a GAD. IMPLICATION FOR REHABILITATION: A reconceptualization of the problem in terms of reducing the work disability rather than reducing pain may constitute a promising avenue to reduce anxiety symptoms. Future studies should look at the specific impact of work exposure, not only on pain symptoms but also on worries. The high level of anxiety and the reported worries by workers stresses the importance of studying the hypothesis of a workplace phobia in order to improve clinical practice guidelines.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".