Universal and Fault-Tolerant Multiphase Digital PWM Controller IC for High-Frequency DC-DC Converters
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper describes a flexible 4-phase digital PWM controller IC that can be used with interleaved, multi-output, and parallel dc-dc switching converters operating at frequencies up to 10 MHz. The IC can be programmed to operate with any number of phases and it is fault-tolerant. If during interleaved mode a failure in one of the phases occurs, it automatically switches to operation with reduced number of phases by disabling the critical phase and adjusting the angles of the remaining ones. The key element of this IC is a new multi-phase digital-pulse width modulator (MDPWM) that utilizes a programmable counter, a delay line, and a digital logic with variable numbers representation. This IC is realized in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS process and exhibits low power consumption of 45 μA/MHz per phase. The controller operation is also experimentally verified with a 1 MHz, 25 W, 4-phase interleaved buck converter.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it