Interactions between Rubella Virus Capsid and Host Protein p32 Are Important for Virus Replication
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The distribution and morphology of mitochondria are dramatically affected during infection with rubella virus (RV). Expression of the capsid, in the absence of other viral proteins, was found to induce both perinuclear clustering of mitochondria and the formation of electron-dense intermitochondrial plaques, both hallmarks of RV-infected cells. We previously identified p32, a host cell mitochondrial matrix protein, as a capsid-binding protein. Here, we show that two clusters of arginine residues within capsid are required for stable binding to p32. Mutagenic ablation of the p32-binding site in capsid resulted in decreased mitochondrial clustering, indicating that interactions with this cellular protein are required for capsid-dependent reorganization of mitochondria. Recombinant viruses encoding arginine-to-alanine mutations in the p32-binding region of capsid exhibited altered plaque morphology and replicated to lower titers. Further analysis indicated that disruption of stable interactions between capsid and p32 was associated with decreased production of subgenomic RNA and, consequently, infected cells produced significantly lower amounts of viral structural proteins under these conditions. Together, these results suggest that capsid-p32 interactions are important for nonstructural functions of capsid that include regulation of virus RNA replication and reorganization of mitochondria during infection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".