Field dependence of the magnetic eigenmode frequencies in layered nanowires with ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ground states: experimental and theoretical study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The magnetic field dependence of the magnetic eigenmode frequencies in 150 nm wide layered permalloy nanowires (NWs) has been studied by the Brillouin light scattering technique. The NWs have the following layering structure Py(30 nm)/Cu(10 nm)/Py( d )/Cu(10 nm)/Py(30 nm) with fixed thickness of the top and bottom stripe and differ by the thickness d of the middle Py stripe (with d = 15, 30, 60 nm). The magnetic field, applied along the length of the wires, has been swept from positive to negative saturation thus exploring both the ferromagnetic and the antiferromagnetic relative orientation of the magnetization in the middle stripe with respect to the outermost ones. In conjunction with the transition between the two different ground states, the mode frequencies undergo an abrupt variation. Moreover the mode frequencies in the antiferromagnetic state are relatively insensitive to the applied field strength. The experimental results (frequencies versus magnetic field strength) have been successfully interpreted by means of a microscopic (Hamiltonian-based) theory which incorporates both the exchange and dipole–dipole interactions as well as effects of single-ion anisotropy and an external magnetic field applied parallel to the NW axis. This model was extended to account for parallel and antiparallel magnetization orientations in the layered NWs, enabling us to also calculate the probability amplitude of each spin-wave eigenmode at any position in the trilayered NWs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".