Reactions of Atomic Cations with Methane: Gas Phase Room-Temperature Kinetics and Periodicities in Reactivity
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reactions of methane have been measured with 59 atomic metal cations at room temperature in helium bath gas at 0.35 Torr using an inductively-coupled plasma/selected-ion flow tube (ICP/SIFT) tandem mass spectrometer. The atomic cations were produced at approximately 5500 K in an ICP source and allowed to decay radiatively and to thermalize by collisions with argon and helium atoms prior to reaction. Rate coefficients and product distributions are reported for the reactions of fourth-row atomic cations from K(+) to Se(+), of fifth-row atomic cations from Rb(+) to Te(+) (excluding Tc(+)), of sixth-row atomic cations from Cs(+) to Bi(+), and of the lanthanide cations from La(+) to Lu(+) (excluding Pm(+)). Two primary reaction channels were observed: C-H bond insertion with elimination of H(2), and CH(4) addition. The bimolecular H(2) elimination was observed in the reactions of CH(4) with As(+), Nb(+), and some sixth-row metal cations, i.e., Ta(+), W(+), Os(+), Ir(+), Pt(+); secondary and higher-order H(2) elimination was observed exclusively for Ta(+), W(+), and Ir(+) ions. All other transition-metal cations except Mn(+) and Re(+) were observed to react with CH(4) exclusively by addition, and up to two methane molecules were observed to add sequentially to most transition-metal ions. CH(4) addition was also observed for Ge(+), Se(+), La(+), Ce(+), and Gd(+) ions, while the other main-group and lanthanide cations did not react measurably with methane.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it