Advances in structural and chemical analysis of catalystcoated membranes for hydrogen fuel cell applications
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Catalyst-coated membranes are a key element of advanced membrane electrode assembly designs for automotive, hydrogen-based fuel cell systems. The morphology of the catalyst layers of these membranes should provide a structure that is optimised for maximum catalyst utilisation; water management at a wide range of operational temperatures and relative humidity; fuel (hydrogen) and oxidant (oxygen in air) mass-transfer; and optimum electronic conductivity. Because of the multi-component nature of the layers (catalyst, ionomer and catalyst support) and resulting hierarchy in the layered structure at different spatial scales, new tools for their characterisation are required. Such a development should lead to an improved understanding of the links between fuel cell performance and structure of the catalyst layers under various operating conditions. This feature article presents soft X-ray spectromicroscopy as a tool for such studies and shows how it can probe the structural and chemical properties of the membrane and the catalyst layers of membrane electrode assemblies.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it