Shear in Surface Gel of Associative Polymer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The normal and shear forces between adsorbed layers of telechelic associative polymer poly(ethylene oxide) end-terminated with octadecyl groups have been studied using a surface force balance. The normal forces profiles measured for polymer monolayers and surface gels were similar to those reported for the same polymer in earlier studies. The shear forces between the polymer-covered surfaces were very weak up to compression of ca. 0.27 of the original thickness of the polymer layers, corresponding to the effective friction coefficient μ < 0.04. Weak frictional forces were attributed to osmotic repulsion between poly(ethylene oxide) chains and shear thinning of the gelled polymer. At higher polymer compression the shear forces gradually increased due to compression-forced increase in interpenetration and entanglement of the macromolecules adhering to the two opposite surfaces and interactions between the octadecyl groups. Shear thinning was also observed for long-time shear and for shear velocity v s exceeding 600 nm/s. For strongly compressed polymer and v s < 600 nm/s the dependence of frictional forces on the shear velocity was weak, caused by a thinning of the interpenetration zone between the sheared polymer layers and/or a transition of the slip plane to the polymer−substrate interface.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".