Does Money Talk? Waste Charging in the Republic of Ireland: Government, Governance and Performance
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The question of how best to govern waste is a challenging issue across the globe. As a result, new policy instruments, such as voluntary agreements, eco-labelling and market based instruments, frequently identified as being emblematic of a shift from government to governance are being developed and implemented in an attempt to improve waste management. In particular, the introduction of pay-by-use (PBU) mechanisms, where charges are based on the weight or volume of waste presented for collection, have been cited as a key means to promote the polluter pays principle (PPP) in the waste field. However, most analyses of waste charges have attempted to quantify PBU impacts in terms of tonnes of waste diverted from landfill, recycled or dumped illegally, and less consideration has been given to their development and implementation from a governing perspective. In response, this paper reports on a nationwide survey of PBU in Ireland that revealed a general increase in recycling and diversion from landfill since it was introduced in 2005. The paper concludes that although such metrics seem to support the introduction of PBU they must be read within a dynamic policy context characterized by limited information, increasingly privatized waste services and neoliberal statecraft. Keywords: Waste managementenvironmental policygovernanceIrelandeconomic pricing Acknowledgements The research is supported by Environmental Protection Agency ERTDI under the grant number EPA-2005-WRM-MS-33-M1-Davies.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it