Formation Flying Control of Small Satellites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new second order sliding mode (2nd-SM) control algorithm of MIMO nonlinear systems for low thrust multiple picosatellites formation flying is proposed in this paper. The problem is tackled by applying chatteringfree 2nd-SM control law as a control scheme for the case where the leader satellite is in circular and elliptical reference orbits under J2 perturbation. The asymptotic convergence to the 2nd-SM and the robust stability of the asymptotic 2nd-SM control system are for the first time proved with Lyapunov functions. Several numerical results are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed controllers in maintaining the satellite formation in presence of initial formation errors and J2 perturbation effects that tend to disperse the formation. Simulation results confirm that the suggested methodologies yield high formation keeping precision and effectiveness in ensuring formation maneuvering with thrusters faults of formation flying systems for picosatellites. Using this 2nd-SM method the fuel consumption is lower than in most other works.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".