Congenic expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase in Dahl-salt sensitive hypertensive rats is associated with reduced LV hypertrophy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although congenic translocation of a segment from chromosome 10 from Lewis rat, containing an extracellular proteinase inhibitor gene, decreased blood pressure in Dahl-salt sensitive (DSS) rats, the relationship between the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP), and cardiac function was unclear. In this study we investigated the cardiac effects of congenic translocation of a segment from chromosome 10 from Lewis rat, containing an extracellular proteinase inhibitor gene, in Dahl-salt sensitive rats. To test the hypothesis that left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in DSS rats was due to high MMP and low TIMP levels and the decrease in blood pressure in congenic rats was associated with increase in proteinase inhibitor expression, cardiac function and levels of MMP and TIMP were determined in 16 weeks male DSS (D), Lewis (L) and congenic (CL-10) rats. Cardiac function was assessed by electrocardiography, echocardiography and a Millar catheter in LV cavity. LV MMP and TIMP levels were measured by Q-RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. In L, D and CL-10 rats, heart weight/body weight (g/g) were 3.73 +/- 0.06, 4.45 +/- 0.04 and 3.35 +/- 0.05 x 10(-3), respectively, suggesting significant (p < 0.05) LV hypertrophy (LVH) in D group. The ST duration was longer in D group compared with L group, suggesting coronary vasospasm, but normalized in CL-10 rats. The fractional shortening and ejection fraction were decreased in D group as compared with L group, but normalized in CL-10 groups. LV diameter was increased in D group as compared to L group, but normalized in CL-10 groups. The levels of MMP-9 were higher and TIMP were lower in D as compared to L groups, but normalized in CL-10 rats. Compared with control non-congenic Dahl rats, congenic rats exhibited lower blood pressure, amelioration of LV remodelling and dysfunction, as well as coronary abnormalities. In addition, congenic animals exhibited reduced myocardial expression of MMP-9, but increased expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-4 compared to non congenic animals. We concluded that the congenic transfer of TIMP ameliorated LV hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".