Studies in aryltin chemistry: Part 13. Spectroscopic and fungicidal studies of somem- ando-substituted triaryltin acetates, oxides and hydroxides
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The fungicidal activity of a series of aryltin com-<?tw=99%>pounds, Ar3SnOAc (Ar = m-Tol (m−CH3C6H4),<?tw>3,5-Xyl [3,5-(CH3)2C6H3], o-Tol (o−CH3C6H4) or Mes [2,4,6-(CH3)3C6H2]) and (Ar3Sn)2O [Ar = m-Tol, m-Anis (m-CH3OC6H4), or o-Tol] as well as (Mes)3SnOH, for which IR and NMR (119Sn) data are reported, has been assessedby radial growth assays on Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinera, Mucor hiemalis, Fusarium solani and Penicillium chrysogenum, and the resultsare compared with those for the corresponding triphenyl- and tris (p-tolyl)-tin compounds. In general, sterically hindered systems (Ar =Mes) which are unlikely to achieve a trigonal-bipyramidal five-coordinate geometry at tinwith oxygen atoms in the axial positions, are ineffective as fungicides. However the o-tolyltin compounds, particularly the acetate, show some fungicidal activity. A larger size (m-Anis) or number (3,5-Xyl) of meta groups decreases fungicidal activity (to zero against P. chryso-genum) in comparison with (m-Tol)3SnX. Indeed, where test substances are inactive as fungicides, they promote the growth rate of P.chrysogenum by up to 60%. The steric effects implied by these data suggest that dimensions of active sites in the F0 unit of the ATPase enzyme may differ significantly for each fungus studied. A model for the active site is proposed, based on the need of the Ar3Sn+ unit first to be able to reach the active site and then to occupy it with the required five-coordinate geometry so as to inhibit the activity of the ATPase enzyme. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".