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Record W2018409920 · doi:10.7202/1027074ar

« Essential Facilities » : doctrine essentielle ou facilité d’expression ? Regards croisés sur les droits américain et européen de la concurrence

2014· article· fr· W2018409920 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Olivier van der Haegen

Bibliographic record

VenueRevue générale de droit · 2014
Typearticle
Languagefr
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicWorld Trade Organization Law
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Ottawa
Fundersnot available
KeywordsHumanitiesConcurrencePolitical scienceDoctrinePhilosophyLawPhysics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

L’étude porte sur la doctrine des « facilités » essentielles en droit de la concurrence. Selon la doctrine des « facilités » essentielles, une entreprise possédant une installation, un service ou une infrastructure importante et unique, peut être astreinte à donner accès à cette « facilité » à d’autres entreprises qui, sans pareil accès, ne sauraient exercer leurs activités sur le marché concerné. Le but du présent article est de brosser un tableau général de la doctrine en comparant son application en droit américain et en droit européen de la concurrence. L’article examine les raisons qui ont conduit à l’élaboration de la doctrine et son application par la Cour suprême et les juridictions inférieures américaines, les conditions de son application aux États-Unis, ainsi que la place importante occupée par les cas impliquant des droits de propriété intellectuelle. L’auteur examine ensuite la doctrine à l’aune du droit européen, en attirant l’attention sur les différences principales entre les ordres juridiques, ainsi que sur les controverses soulevées par son application en Europe. L’auteur termine par la question de la nécessité et de la légitimité de la doctrine dans les deux ordres juridiques concernés.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.010
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.014
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.022
Threshold uncertainty score0.052

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0100.014
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.001
Bibliometrics0.0020.002
Science and technology studies0.0070.032
Scholarly communication0.0100.008
Open science0.0020.008
Research integrity0.0060.008
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0060.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.015
GPT teacher head0.264
Teacher spread0.250 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2014
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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Same venueRevue générale de droit→Same topicWorld Trade Organization Law→French-language works237,207→