A bursty multi-port memory controller with quality-of-service guarantees
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Embedded multimedia system-on-chips place an increasing demand on multiport memory controllers (MPMCs) for higher memory system performance and energy efficiency, in addition to satisfying various types of quality-of-service requirements, such as minimum latency and bandwidth guarantees. While previous works have attempted to target different aspects of the MPMC design challenges, none has succeeded in addressing all these problems simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a new approach that can provide, not only minimum latency and bandwidth guarantees, but also higher efficiency in utilization of physical DRAM bandwidth and dynamic bandwidth made available by underutilized ports. Experimental results show that, on typical multimedia workloads, our approach improves the effective DRAM bandwidth and energy efficiency by as much as 1.9x and 1.49x, respectively. In addition, the response latency for latency-sensitive port is improved by more than 10X, while preserving bandwidth guarantee for all ports.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".