The Ayyubid Orogen: An Ophiolite Obduction-Driven Orogen in the Late Cretaceous of the Neo-Tethyan South Margin
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A minimum 5000-km long obduction-driven orogeny of medial to late Cretaceous age is located between Cyrenaica in eastern Libya and Oman. It is herein called the Ayyubid Orogen after the Ayyubid Empire that covered much of its territory. The Ayyubid orogen is distinct from other Alpide orogens and has two main parts: a western, mainly germanotype belt and an eastern mainly alpinotype belt. The germanotype belt formed largely as a result of an aborted obduction, whereas the alpinotype part formed as a result of successful and large-scale obduction events that choked a nascent subduction zone. The mainly germanotype part coincides with Erich Krenkel's Syrian Arc (Syrischer Bogen) and the alpinotype part with Ricou's Peri-Arabian Ophiolitic Crescent (Croissant Ophiolitique péri-Arabe). These belts formed as a consequence of the interaction of one of the now-vanished Tethyan plates and Afro-Arabia. The Africa-Eurasia relative motion has influenced the orogen's evolution, but was not the main causative agent. Similar large and complex obduction-driven orogens similar to the Ayyubids may exist along the Ordovician Newfoundland/Scotland margin of the Caledonides and along the Ordovician European margin of the Uralides.SOMMAIREEntre la Cyrénaïque dans l'est de la Libye et Oman, se trouve un ceinture orogénique d’au moins 5 000 km de longueur créé par obduction au Crétacé moyen et tardif. Nous le nommons ici l’orogène ayyoubide d’après l'empire ayyoubide qui couvrait une grande partie de son territoire. L'orogène ayyoubide qui est distincte des autres orogènes alpides, comporte deux parties principales : une bande occidentale, principalement germanotype, et une bande orientale principalement alpinotype. La bande germanotype s’est formée en grande partie à la suite d'une obduction avortée, tandis que la partie alpinotype s’est formée par des épisodes d’obduction à grande échelle qui ont étranglé une zone de subduction naissante. La partie principalement germanotype coïncide avec l’arc syrien d’Erich Krenkel (Syrischer Bogen), alors que la partie alpinotype correspond au croissant ophiolitique péri-Arabe de Ricou (Croissant ophiolitique péri-Arabe). Ces bandes se sont formées par l'interaction de l'une des plaques de la Téthys, maintenant disparues, avec l’Afro-Arabie. Le mouvement relatif Afrique-Eurasie a influencé l'évolution de l'orogène, mais ça n’a pas été le principal facteur. Des orogènes grandes et complexes résultant de mécanismes d’obduction similaires à l’orogène Ayyoubide peuvent exister le long de la marge des Calédonides de l'Ordovicien de Terre-Neuve/Écosse et le long de la marge européenne des Uralides de l'Ordovicien.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it