Hydraulic conductivity of kaolinite-silt mixtures subjected to closed-system freezing and thaw consolidation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Kaolinite-silt mixtures at different clay contents were subjected to closed-system freezing and thaw consolidation to obtain data on the hydraulic conductivity of thawed samples. A simplified void ratio model was developed based on the compressibility characteristics of the clay aggregates and the freezing-induced suctions. The close agreement between predictions and observations suggests that the assumptions of the model are reasonable, especially that maximum freezing-induced suctions developed in the clay aggregates are related to the temperature at which no significant change in unfrozen water content occurs rather than the actual freezing temperature. Furthermore, the compression characteristics of thawed mixtures is essentially controlled by the recompression of the clay aggregates in the overconsolidated domain. The void ratio model is linked to a permeability model that suggests that the hydraulic conductivity of thawed mixtures can be defined by a reference value of the unfrozen soil and a parameter specific to each mixture.Key words: freeze-thaw, laboratory, hydraulic conductivity, conceptual model, silt, kaolin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".