Swelling of mitochondria induced by juvenile hormone in larval salivary glands of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Treatment of Drosophila larval salivary glands with juvenile hormone or its analogues leads to ultrastructural changes of mitochondria that mimic those seen after application of uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. This alteration of mitochondria, also known as swelling, is manifested in strong dilatation of their intercristae space. The mitochondrial response of salivary glands to juvenile hormone is restricted to collum cells that are known to be ultrastructurally and functionally different from transitional and corpus cells and may reflect their specialization in energy metabolism and water/ion balance. Morphological change of mitochondria and about a fivefold increase in cytochrome c oxidase activity in response to juvenile hormone appear to be a consequence of uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. We have noticed no significant difference of the responses in Methoprene, the juvenile hormone resistant mutant, suggesting that this action of juvenile hormone may be mediated via a mechanism different from that using nuclear transcription factors. The "uncoupling" effect is caused also by juvenile hormone analogues which are considered inactive in producing morphogenetic effects in Drosophila. Mitochondrial response is independent of transcription and translation, as revealed by the use of RNA and protein synthesis inhibitors. Given these data together, we reasoned that the protonophoric/uncoupling effect of juvenile hormone is a cell type specific nongenomic response to this lipophilic ligand and contrasts with widely accepted notions about nuclear action of juvenile hormone.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".