Effect of solute–solvent interactions on DPPH radical scavenging efficiency of some flavonoid antioxidants in various binary water–methanol mixtures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Scavenging ability of three kinds of natural flavonoid antioxidants including chrysin, naringenin, and quercetin against the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical was evaluated by the UV-vis spectrophotometric technique in different aqueous mixtures of methanol (50%–90% v/v) at physiological pH. The studied flavonoids showed their activity to be comparable with ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which is used as a standard reference material in most testing methods. Our findings indicated that an increase in the organic solvent percentage (v/v) has different effects on the radical scavenging efficiency of flavonoids presumably due to solute–solvent interactions. These variations were analyzed in light of various simple and multiple regression equations using the normalized polarity parameter ([Formula: see text]) and Kamlet, Abboud, and Taft solvatochromic parameters. Moreover, The IC 50 values of the samples were then obtained by the Yasuda–Shedlovsky extrapolation procedure in pure water.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".