Oxygen reduction electrode in advanced chlor‐alkali with ruthenium as electro‐catalyst
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The platinum (Pt) diffusion gas electrodes are frequently used in chlor‐alkali process industry. The platinum (Pt) diffusion gas electrodes used in advanced chlor‐alkali process has encountered many disadvantages such as flooding, which is the result of peroxide production phenomenon. The flooding reduces the process efficiency. In this article new electrodes are used to overcome some of the above‐mentioned disadvantages to increase efficiency. The effects of seven process parameters are also individually studied. The results show the brine concentration increase CCE by increasing, anolyte, oxygen temperatures, and flow rates. The brine concentration decreases as the current density increases. The Ru/C catalyst performance is higher than Pt/C catalyst. Besides, Ru effectively prevents the aggregation and growth of platinum nano‐particles in the thermal heating process. The higher activity, good stability, and the better caustic current efficiency of the Ru/C catalyst make it more suitable cathode in advanced chlor‐alkali process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".