Reactions of western Canadian spring wheat and triticale varieties to <i>Tilletia indica</i>, the causal agent of Karnal bunt
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The reactions of 47 Canadian wheat and triticale cultivars to Tilletia indica Mitra, the causal agent of Karnal Bunt (KB), were evaluated in the field at Centro de Investigaciones Agricolas del Noroeste (CIANO), Yaqui Valley, Mexico, during 1998 and 1999. The majority of lines and cultivars flowered during January and February, which coincided with the onset of cooler temperatures and high relative humidity required for optimum infection by the fungus. Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD) and triticale were resistant, ranging from 0 to 6% infection. Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheats were also generally resistant, but the cultivars Roblin, BW90 and Laura, and the experimental line Roblin*2/BW 553, were susceptible, ranging from 11 to 28% in treatments with the highest infection levels. Canada Western Extra Strong (CWES) wheats varied in reaction from moderately resistant to susceptible, ranging from 1 to 15% infection. Canada Prairie Spring (CPS) wheats were generally susceptible, exhibiting infection levels ranging from 5 to 31% infection in the most severely infected treatments. Canada Western Soft White Spring (CWSWS) wheats were uniformly susceptible; the highest recorded infection level among Canadian wheats was observed on AC Reed (38%) during 1999. The susceptibility of CPS and CWSWS cultivars may represent an increased risk to the establishment of KB if the fungus were to become introduced into western Canada. Key words: Karnal bunt, wheat, disease resistance, disease susceptibility
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".