Phosphorus Status of Intensively Cropped Soils of the St. Lawrence Lowlands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The P saturation degree of agricultural, neutral to slightly alkaline soils in areas where P fertilization is mainly inorganic is relatively unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the P status of the whole profile of 27 intensively cropped soils from an area receiving mainly inorganic fertilizers, the St. Lawrence lowlands in the province of Quebec, Canada, and to compare their P status to soils from a very different agrosystem with high animal density in the Appalachians. The A, B, and C horizons of nine soil series (three sites per soil series) showing a gradient in clay content were collected and analyzed for their Mehlich‐III extractable P (M3P), water‐soluble P (P w ), organic P (P o ) and total P (P t ) contents. The P sorption index (P si ) and the P saturation degree (P ox /(Al ox +Fe ox )) were also determined. Nine of the 27 studied fields exceeded 112 mg M3P kg −1 , the level considered as excessive for corn ( Zea mays L.) and soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. The results suggest that the impact of agricultural practices on the soil P status in the lowlands was mainly limited to the A horizon as few sites had elevated labile P contents or saturation degree in their subsoils. Compared to long‐term manured, acidic soils from a high animal density watershed, neutral to slightly alkaline soils from the lowlands had much lower P t contents and the proportion of P t as P o was also two to three times lower. However, given their low to medium P sorption capacity, P saturation degree of the A horizons was comparable to soils from the high animal density watershed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".