Theoretical study of photochromism of N-salicylidene-α-methylbenzylamine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is shown that the direct precursor for the formation of a photochrome in Schiff bases is a “twisted” geometry S1 state of a keto tautomer in which the O⋯N–H hydrogen bond is broken. In photochromic Schiff bases this state is close in energy to the ππ* state of the cis-ketone obtained from the initially optically excited enol species by an ultrafast excited-state proton transfer, in particular, in N-salicylidene-α-methylbenzylamine (SMB), it lies within 1 kcal/mol from the ππ* state of cis-ketone and ∼16 kcal/mol below the initial ππ* state of enol. The excited-state proton transfer in SMB is predicted to take ∼15 fs and to be nearly barrierless. It is also shown that the initial ππ* state of enol can decay via competing route to a twisted geometry nNπ* state of enol with the energy ∼20 kcal/mol below that state.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".