Bibliographic record
Abstract
Based on the records of the new Phantom v5.0 high-speed imaging system (NHSIS) during the past five years (2006- 2010), the cumulative probability distributions of important CN Tower lightning flash parameters flash and ICC durations, flash multiplicity and inter-stroke time (1ST) were determined. During the reporting period, NHSIS recorded 68 CN Tower lightning flashes, of which 56 contained ICCs and 12 contained only return strokes. The flash multiplicity for all flashes (including 21 flashes that contain no return strokes), 35 flashes with ICCs and return strokes, and 12 flashes that contain only return strokes are, respectively, 2.19, 3.43, and 2.42. Therefore, the flash multiplicity of flashes having ICCs and return strokes is the highest. The cumulative probability distribution of ICC duration demonstrates that flashes with only ICCs have considerably larger ICC durations than those of flashes having ICCs and return strokes. Also, generally, flashes that have only return strokes have substantially higher inter-stroke time than that for flashes containing ICCs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".