Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Anemia in Congestive Heart Failure Patients Followed at a Specialized
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of anemia and to investigate its association with comorbidities and its impact on clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure. The association of predefined anemia, as well as the correlation of serum hemoglobin level as a continuous variable, with outcomes of emergency department visits, hospitalization, and mortality was investigated. There were fewer anemic patients in New York Heart Association classes I and II than in classes III and IV. Anemia was associated with higher rates of emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and all-cause mortality. Multivariable analysis showed that anemia is independently associated with mortality. When hemoglobin level was considered as a continuous variable, the authors noted that the mortality risk correlated with hemoglobin level disappears when hemoglobin level exceeds 140 g/L. The authors conclude that anemia has strong impacts on functional class and other clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".