Actin is Involved in Pollen Tube Tropism Through Redefining the Spatial Targeting of Secretory Vesicles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In order to accurately target the embryo sac and deliver the sperm cells, the pollen tube has to find an efficient path through the pistil and respond to precise directional cues produced by the female tissues. Although many chemical and proteic signals have been identified to guide pollen tube growth, the mechanism by which the tube changes direction in response to these signals is poorly understood. We designed an experimental setup using a microscope-mounted galvanotropic chamber that allowed us to induce the redirection of in vitro pollen tube growth through a precisely timed and calibrated external signal. Actin destabilization, reduced calcium concentration in the growth medium and inhibition of calcium channel activity decreased the responsiveness of the pollen tube to a tropic trigger. An increased calcium concentration in the medium enhanced this response and was able to rescue the effect of actin depolymerization. Time-lapse imaging revealed that the motion pattern of vesicles and the dynamics of the subapical actin array undergo spatial reorientation prior to the onset of a tropic response. Together these results suggest that the precise targeting of the delivery of new wall material represents a key component in the growth machinery that determines directional elongation in pollen tubes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".