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Record W2020643516 · doi:10.1139/s05-029

Remediation of white phosphorus contamination in an Alaskan wetland

2006· article· en· W2020643516 on OpenAlex
Michael R. Walsh, Jon E. Zufelt, Charles M. Collins

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Environmental Engineering and Science · 2006
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicWater Quality and Resources Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsEnvironmental scienceEnvironmental remediationWaterfowlPhosphorusWetlandSiltContaminationEcologyGeology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Eagle River Flats, an estuarine salt marsh located on Fort Richardson near Anchorage, Alaska, has been utilized as a military impact area for almost 60 years and is contaminated with white phosphorus, a highly toxic element used as an obscurant. When munitions containing white phosphorus were fired into the cool, wet glacial sediments of the Flats, particles of the disbursed chemical became extinguished. Dabbling ducks and swans sieve these seed-size particles from the bottoms of ponds throughout the range. The persistence of the particles in the saturated sediments has resulted in thousands of waterfowl deaths that continue 15 years after the cessation of the munition's use. A remediation method was devised to attenuate the contaminant that will be effective in the short, cool summer season while minimally impacting the environment. Although the cold climate limits the efficiency of the remediation, we were also able to use it to our advantage. Key words: white phosphorus, remediation, dabbling ducks, cold, ice, glacial silt, contamination, impact range, pumping, unexploded ordnance.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.328
Threshold uncertainty score0.200

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.008
GPT teacher head0.182
Teacher spread0.174 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it