Analysis of Transient Linear Flow in Stress-Sensitive Formations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary Rate- and pressure-transient analysis of unconventional gas and oil reservoirs is a challenge because of the complex reservoir characteristics that dictate flow. Transient linear flow is usually an important flow regime for these reservoirs and is often associated with linear flow to induced hydraulic fractures. One of the complications in the analysis of this flow regime is stress sensitivity of porosity and permeability. This work provides a new method for analysis of transient linear flow in stress-sensitive tight oil reservoirs. A correction factor is used to correct the results of the conventional method for analysis of transient linear flow in tight oil reservoirs. A new method is developed for calculating the correction factor by use of an analytical solution to the flow equation. The correction factor is used for production-data analysis of two examples for constant-pressure and constant-rate production. The results indicate that the correction factor becomes more important for higher values of permeability modulus and pressure drawdown. Further, we demonstrate that the correction factor can eliminate the considerable error of the conventional analysis method in estimating initial reservoir permeability or hydraulic fracture half-length.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".