Involvement of calcineurin in ischemic myocardial damage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Calcineurin (CaN) has been reported as a critical mediator for cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac myocyte apoptosis. Ischemia is associated with multiple alterations in the extracellular and intracellular signaling of cardiomyocytes and may act as an inducer of apoptosis. Rat ischemic heart showed significant increase in CaN activity. In ischemic-reperfused hearts, the expression of CaN A was significantly low and immunoreactivity was observed in proteolytic bands of 46 kDa. Immunohistochemical studies showed strong staining of immunoreactivity in rat hearts that had undergone 30 minutes of ischemia followed by 30 minutes of reperfusion, similar to that found in human ischemic heart. To elucidate the mechanism of proteolysis of CaN A in ischemic-reperfused rat heart, in vitro proteolysis of bovine cardiac CaN by m-calpain was carried out. In the presence of Ca2+, the 60−kDa subunit (CaN A) was degraded to a 46-kDa immunoreactive fragment, whereas in the presence of Ca2+/CaM, immunoreactive fragments of 48 and 54 kDa were observed. Calpains are Ca2+-dependent cysteine proteases that regulate various enzymes, transcription factors, and structural proteins through limited proteolysis. The increase in CaN activity and strong immunostaining observed in ischemic-reperfused rat heart may be due to the calpain-mediated proteolysis of this CaM-dependent phosphatase. These studies remain an important area of in-depth investigation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".