Thromboembolic Consequences of Subtherapeutic Anticoagulation in Patients Stabilized on Warfarin Therapy: The Low INR Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To quantify the absolute risk of thromboembolism associated with a significant subtherapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) in patients with previously stable anticoagulation while receiving warfarin. DESIGN: Retrospective, matched cohort analysis. SETTING: Centralized anticoagulation service in an integrated health care delivery system. PATIENTS: A total of 2597 adult patients receiving warfarin from January 1998-December 2005; 1080 patients were in the low INR cohort and were matched to 1517 patients in the therapeutic INR cohort based on index INR date, indication for warfarin, and age. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Stable, therapeutic anticoagulation was defined as two INR values, measured at least 2 weeks apart, within or above the therapeutic range. The low INR cohort included patients with a third INR value of 0.5 or more units below their therapeutic range. The therapeutic INR cohort included patients with a third therapeutic INR value and no INR value 0.2 or more units below their target INR range in the ensuing 90 days. The primary outcome was anticoagulation-related thromboembolism during the 90 days after the index INR. Secondary outcomes were times to the first occurrence of anticoagulation-related complications (bleeding, thromboembolism, or death) in the 90 days after the index INR. Four thromboembolic events (0.4%) occurred in the low INR cohort and one event (0.1%) in the therapeutic INR cohort (p=0.214). The differences in the proportions of thromboembolism, bleeding, or death were not significant between the cohorts (p>0.05). No significant differences were noted in the hazard of thromboembolism, bleeding, or death between the cohorts (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with stable INRs while receiving warfarin who experience a significant subtherapeutic INR value have a low risk of thromboembolism in the ensuing 90 days. The risk was similar to that observed in a matched control population in whom therapeutic anticoagulation was maintained. These findings do not support the practice of anticoagulant bridge therapy for patients stabilized on warfarin therapy to reduce their risk for thromboembolism during isolated periods of subtherapeutic anticoagulation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".