A Combination Procedure with Double C-Shaped Skin Incision and Dual-Floor Burr Hole Method to Prevent Skin Erosion on the Scalp and Reduce Postoperative Skin Complications in Deep Brain Stimulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to introduce a combination procedure with double C-shaped skin incision and an adjusted dual-floor burr hole to prevent skin complications on the scalp with deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. METHODS: Between March 2000 and March 2010, 504 DBS electrodes were implanted in 268 patients. We included both bilateral and unilateral DBS surgery cases for Parkinson's disease, tremor, pain, obsessive-compulsive disorder and intractable seizure accompanied with cranial and IPG insertion procedure, but excluded motor cortex stimulation, and spinal cord stimulation. We used a straight skin incision in 118 patients, double C-shaped skin incision only in 113 patients since March 2006, and combined a double C-shaped skin incision and dual-floor burr hole in 37 patients since August 2009. We compared scalp wound complications and the height subscale of the Vancouver Scar Scale between previous straight or C-shaped skin incision and the combination procedure. RESULTS: We had eight scalp erosions associated with infection (3.0%) and six disconnection (2.2%) cases among 268 patients. Before the use of the double C-skin incision or adjusted dual-floor burr hole technique, we had 5 (4.2%) scalp erosion cases among 118 patients. With the introduction of the C-shaped incision, only 3 patients (2.7%) developed scalp erosion. However, no patient among 37 patients developed scalp erosion after using both double C-shaped skin incision and dual-floor burr hole technique. Scalp bump measured by the height subscale of the Vancouver Scar Scale was more cosmetic in the combination procedure. CONCLUSION: The combination procedure prevents skin complications associated with DBS surgery, with tensile strength, less impaired vascular supply and better cosmetic outcome. This promising approach prevents unwanted skin complications associated with DBS surgery and improves patient satisfaction.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".