Mechanical stimulation, 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis, and growth inhibition in soybean hypocotyl tissue
Bibliographic record
Abstract
4-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a ubiquitous four-carbon nonprotein, amino acid, is synthesized via glutamate decarboxylation. It accumulates in response to mechanical stimulation through the Ca 2+ /calmodulin activation of glutamate decarboxylase. In this study, dark- and light-grown soybean hypocotyl tissues were used to investigate the relationship between mechanical stimulation, GABA synthesis, and growth inhibition. Mechanical stimulation through stroking resulted in a 65% growth inhibition of dark- or light-grown tissue within 1 min. The 24-h growth increment was reduced by 50% or more. Growth inhibition was accompanied by rapid 4- and 10-fold increases in GABA levels in dark- and light-grown tissue, respectively. Treatment of tissue with exogenous GABA raised GABA levels approximately 6-fold, but did not inhibit growth. In addition, lanthanum or blue light treatment of dark-grown tissue reduced growth by over 60% with no increase in GABA levels. The data demonstrate for the first time, that GABA accumulation accompanies growth inhibition occurring in response to mechanical stimulation. However, GABA accumulation alone appears insufficient to cause growth inhibition.Key words: 4-aminobutyric acid, GABA, L-Glu decarboxylase, GAD, thigmomorphogenesis, mechanical stimulation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".