Riding into Place: Contact Zones, Rodeo, and Hybridity in the Canadian West 1900–19701
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Each year, people gathered in small towns across the Canadian west to participate in rodeos and stampedes. While these events were often organized to promote and celebrate the non-Native community, organizers were keen to invite Aboriginal people. And Aboriginal people flocked to them. This paper explores the ways in which rodeos and stampedes functioned as points of contact between First Nations, mixed-heritage, and non-Native people. It explores why non-Native communities invited First Nations and why Aboriginal people accepted. It examines the place of on-reserve rodeos in the development of rodeo in western Canada and the extent to which they attracted non-Native people. It then examines how interactions at rodeos were structured by gender and racialization, and how these structures were sometimes overcome. Finally, it offers a glimpse at the emergent community of professional rodeo which, reputedly, embraced all rodeo cowboys regardless of ethnicity. In so doing, this paper explores how hybridity and liminality played a role in the development of Western Canadian rodeo and hence in the community celebrations in towns and cities in British Columbia and Alberta.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".